VESA DDC (Display Data Channel)
the display data channel provides a serial data channel between the monitor and the graphics board, as long as both support ddc and the monitor cable includes the additional ddc wire. an extended monitor cable is used. this feature allows the monitor data to be sent automatically to the graphics board (e.g. name, type, max. horizontal frequency, timing definitions etc.) or even for the graphics board to send instructions to the monitor.
there are various standards; ddc2b and ddc2ab.